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For volume-level backup, Veeam Agent for Linux copies to the target location the partition table and bootloader located on the hard disk. Veeam Agent for Linux reads data from the volume whose data you want to back up, compresses it and copies it to the target location.
Running your Veeam Backup & Replication infrastructure in a secure configuration is a daunting task even for security professionals. This chapter provides practical advice to help administrators to harden their infrastructure following security best practices so that they can confidently deploy their Veeam services and lower their chances of being compromised.Hardening is about securing the infrastructure against attacks, by reducing its attack surface and thus eliminating as many risks as possible. One of the main measures in hardening is removing all non-essential software programs and utilities from the deployed Veeam components.
While these components may offer useful features to the administrator, if they provide ‘back-door’ access to the system, they must be removed during the hardening process.But also, creating visibility in what goes on in the infrastructure is part of hardening your infrastructure. Making sure you will notice when an attack is/or has taken place and then making sure logs and traces are saved for law-enforcement and security specialists when needed. Overly complex designs become harder for the IT team to manage and overlook and it makes it easier for an attacker to exploit and stay in the shadows.
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Simpler designs that can be easily overviewed are in basis more secure. Use the K.I.S.S. (Keep It Simple and Straightforward) principle for your designs.Adding security to an already existing infrastructure is much harder and costly than thinking about it while designing a new or refreshing an existing infrastructure. In a virtual infrastructure, it is good use to build up a Master image which has been hardened from the start.
Removing all known attack vectors and only open up access when Veeam components are added and needs specific (port) openings or extra software to function properly. This way all builds are consistent and kept up-to-date which makes it secure in the basis.Consider the Veeam Backup & Replication server to be the Number 1 target on your infrastructure and it should have very restricted access. As a general rule the backup server is the single greatest target a hacker can claim on your network. Remove all non-essential software programs and utilities from the deployed Veeam components.
While these programs may offer useful features to the administrator, if they provide ‘back-door’ access to the system, they must be removed during the hardening process. Think about additional software like web browsers, java, adobe reader and such. All parts which do not belong to the operating system or to active Veeam components, remove it. It will make maintaining an up-to-date patch level much easier.Veeam Backup & Replication Server. The Veeam Backup & Replication console is a client-side component that provides access to the backup server. The console lets several backup operators and admins log in to Veeam Backup & Replication simultaneous and perform all kind of data protection and disaster recovery operations as if you work on the backup server.Install the Veeam Backup & Replication console on a central management server that is, positioned in a DMZ and protected with 2-factor authentication. Do NOT install the console on the local desktops of backup & recovery admins.
Deploy an Access Control policy, managing access to management components is crucial for a good protection. Use the principle of least privilege. Provide the minimal privilege needed for some operation to occur. An attacker who gained high-privilege access to backup infrastructure servers can get credentials of user accounts and compromise other systems in your environment. Make sure that all accounts have a specific role and that they are added to that specific group.Containment to keep the attackers from moving around too easily. Some standard measures and policies are:.
Password management policyUse a clever Password management policy, which works for your organization. Enforcing the use of strong passwords across your infrastructure is a valuable control.
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It’s more challenging for attackers to guess passwords/crack hashes to gain unauthorized access to critical systems.Selecting passwords of 10 characters with a mixture of upper and lowercase letters, numbers and special characters is a good start for user accounts.For Admin accounts adding 2-factor authentication is also a must to secure the infrastructure.And for service accounts use 25+ characters combined with a password tool for easier management. An Admin can copy and paste the password when needed, increasing security of the service accounts. Lockout policyUse a Lockout policy that complements a clever password management policy. Accounts will be locked after a small number of incorrect attempts. This can stop password guessing attacks dead in the water. But be careful that this can also lock everyone out of the backup & replication system for a period!
For service accounts, sometimes it is better just to raise alarms fast. Instead of locking the accounts. This way you gain visibility into suspicious behavior towards your data/infrastructure. Use the principle of least privilege. Provide the minimal required permissions needed for the accounts to run. The accounts used for installing and using Veeam Backup & Replication must have the following.If VMware vCenter Server is added to the backup infrastructure, an account that has administrator permissions is required. Instead of granting administrator permissions to the account, you can configure more granular permissions.
Veeam has identified the minimum permissions required for the various software functions. Review the (not changed since V9.0) and configure the accounts used by Veeam Backup & Replication to meet these requirements.Particularly, backup proxies must be considered the target for compromise. During backup, proxies obtain from the backup server credentials required to access virtual infrastructure servers.
A person having administrator privileges on a backup proxy can intercept the credentials and use them to access the virtual infrastructure. Add local protection mechanics, in addition to the border firewalls, intrusion detection, patching and such. You can make use of local mechanisms, like up-to-date anti-malware, firewalls and network segmentation. This way you create different rings-of-defense slowing an attacker down. A great way to strategically use segmentation is by implementing.A good practice is to place the backup repositories in a special segment not accessible by any user. Like for instance the production storage is only available to the virtual infrastructure components and application servers.
Not directly accessible by any user!To segment your infrastructure and Veeam Backup & Replication components, make sure the firewalls on the local server installations have the correct opened.You can also deploy as a counter measure with micro-segmentation to make sure the attack surface is as narrow as possible without blocking everyone to use the services. Visibility into the network and all data flows is crucial to help you protect all different rings/cells within your infrastructure. You can add the Veeam components to NSX policies to make sure they can communicate with each other without opening it up to any user.
To know when you are under attack or have been breached it is vital to have visibility in the whole data flow path. You should be able to know what is ‘normal behavior’ and what is NOT. Monitor your accounts and Veeam infrastructure for suspicious activity.
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Place virtual trip-wires, like e.g. Creating a non-used admin account with alarms tied to it. When any activity on that account is observed, it will trigger a red alert instantly. There are several systems out there that can help you by alerting suspicious behavior so you get aware that someone is snooping around and is trying to gain access to your infrastructure. Visibility is Key!It is important to get alerts as soon as possible while defending against other attacks like viruses, malware and ransomware. The biggest fear of these attacks is that they may propagate to other systems fast.
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Having visibility into for e.g. Potential ransomware activity is a big deal.Example Systems that could help you create visibility are:.